Operators are used to performing operations on variables.
- Arithmetic operators
- Assignment operators
- Comparison operators
- Logical operators
- Identity operators
- Membership operators
- Bitwise operators
Arithmetic operators: Used to performs an arithmetic operation on numeric values.
| Operator | Example |
| + (Addition) | 2+3 = 5 |
| – (Subtraction) | 2-3 = -1 |
| * (Multiplication) | 2*3 = 6 |
| / (Division) | ⅔ = 0.66 |
| % ( Modulus) | 2%3 = 2 |
| ** (Exponentiation) | 2**3 = 8 |
| // (floor division) | 2//3 = 0 |
Assignment operators: Used to assign value to variable.
| Operator | Example | equivalent to |
| = | a = 2 | a = 2 |
| += | a += 2 | a = a + 2 |
| -= | a -= 2 | a = a – 2 |
| &= | a &= 2 | a = a & 2 |
Comparison operators: Used to compare two values.
| Operator | Example |
| == (Equal) | a == b |
| != (Not Equal) | a != b |
| > (Greater than) | a > b |
| < (Less than) | a < b |
| >= (Greater than or equal to) | a >= b |
| <= (Less than or equal to) | a <= b |
Logical Operators: Used to combine conditional statements
| Operator | Example |
| and (Returns True if both statements are true) | a > 3 and a <5 |
| or (Returns True if one of the statements is true) | a > 3 or a <5 |
| not (Reverse the result) | not(a > 3) |
Identity Operators: Used to compare the objects, not if they are equal, but if they are actually the same object, with the same memory location:
| Operator | Example |
| is (Returns true if both variables are the same object) | a is y |
| is not (Returns true if both variables are not the same object) | a is not y |
Membership Operators: Used to check if a sequence is presented in an object.
| Operator | Example |
| in (Returns True if a value is present in the object) | a in y |
| not in (Returns True if a value is not present in the object) | a not in y |
Bitwise Operators: Used to perform bit operation on a bit.
| Operator | Description |
| & (And) | Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1 |
| | (OR) | Sets each bit to 1 if one of two bits is 1 |
| ^ (XOR) | Sets each bit to 1 if only one of two bits is 1 |
| ~ (NOT) | Inverts all the bits |
| << (Binary Left Shift) | Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off |
| >> (Binary Right Shift) | Shift right by pushing copies of the leftmost bit in from the left, and let the rightmost bits fall off |